Vitamin D has long been known to be crucial to bone health by regulating bone metabolism but has also been shown to play other crucial physiologic roles, including regulating the immune system.1,2 Subsequently, it can play an important role in the development of autoimmune diseases like rheumatoid arthritis (RA).
Increasing evidence indicates serum vitamin D levels and polymorphisms in enzymes involved in vitamin D metabolism can affect the risk of RA, influence disease activity and recurrence, and increase the risk of comorbidities, such as cardiovascular diseases. Therefore, vitamin D levels are an important consideration when treating patients with or at risk for RA.
References
- Urruticoechea-Arana A, Martín-Martínez MA, Castañeda S, et al. Vitamin D deficiency in chronic inflammatory rheumatic diseases: results of the cardiovascular in rheumatology [CARMA] study. Arthritis Res Ther. 2015;17:211.
- Wöbke TK, Sorg BL, Steinhilber D. Vitamin D in inflammatory diseases. Front Physiol. 2014;5:244.
- Song GG, Bae SC, Lee YH. Association between vitamin D intake and the risk of rheumatoid arthritis: a meta-analysis. Clin Rheumatol. 2012;31(12):1733-1739.
- Alhassan Mohammed H, Saboor-Yaraghi AA, Mirshafiey A, Vahedi H, Shiri-Shahsavar MR, Mousavi Nasl Khameneh A. Immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive roles of 1a,25(OH)2D3 in autoimmune diseases [published online November 29, 2016]. Scand J Immunol. . doi: 10.1111/sji.12512
- He XJ, Ding Y, Xiang W, Dang XQ. Roles of 1,25(OH)2D3 and vitamin D receptor in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus by regulating the activation of CD4+ T cells and the PKCδ/ERK signaling pathway. Cell Physiol Biochem. 2016;40:743-756.
- Lee YH, Bae SC. Vitamin D level in rheumatoid arthritis and its correlation with the disease activity: a meta-analysis. Clin Exp Rheumatol. 2016;34:827-833.
- Lin J, Liu J, Davies ML, Chen W. Serum vitamin D Level and rheumatoid arthritis disease activity: review and meta-analysis. PLoS ONE. 2016;11(1):e0146351. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0146351
- Yang J, Liu L, Zhang Q2, Li M, Wang J. Effect of vitamin D on the recurrence rate of rheumatoid arthritis. Exp Ther Med. 2015;10:1812-1816.
- Dhawan SS, Quyyumi AA. Rheumatoid arthritis and cardiovascular disease. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2008;10(2):128-133.
- Lo Gullo A, Mandraffino G, Bagnato G, et al. Vitamin D status in rheumatoid arthritis: inflammation, arterial stiffness and circulating progenitor cell number. PLoS One. 2015;10:e0134602.
- Chandrashekara S, Patted A. Role of vitamin D supplementation in improving disease activity in rheumatoid arthritis: an exploratory study [published online October 20, 2015]. Int J Rheum Dis. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.12770
- Leventis P, Patel S. Clinical aspects of vitamin D in the management of rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology (Oxford). 2008;47(11):1617-1621. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/ken296.
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