Amit Akirov, MD

Advancing age is associated with a reduced risk for papillary thyroid carcinoma enlargement among adults undergoing active surveillance.

There are changes in maternal bone mineral density and microarchitecture during pregnancy that exceed the natural age-related changes in women.

A decrease in low-density lipoprotein levels may predict disease progression and poor prognosis in patients with coronavirus disease 2019.

COVID-19 may affect treatment for patients with type 2 diabetes and necessitates re-evaluation of medications based on existing evidence.

In patients with type 2 diabetes, initial use of an extended-release formulation of metformin may be cost-saving and lead to better adherence.

The management of painful diabetic peripheral neuropathy requires the use of effective agents that also may aid in improving sleep and mood.

Morbidity and mortality risk associated with bariatric surgery was found to be slightly higher in patients with super-super morbid obesity.

Assessment of hand grip strength may be used as a simple tool to easily identify adults at increased risk for type 2 diabetes.

Using vertebral fracture assessment may aid in diagnosis of asymptomatic vertebral fractures in approximately one-third of postmenopausal women.

Among patients with stable atherosclerosis, add-on rivaroxaban to aspirin therapy reduced cardiovascular events, whether or not they had diabetes.

Having increased weight circumference is associated with a significantly higher vertebral fracture incidence in men but not women.

Chronic hepatitis C virus infection is associated with an increased risk for type 2 diabetes, which is significantly lower with the use of IFN-based therapy.

Popular diet programs are associated with improvements in weight and blood pressure, but their beneficial effects generally disappear after 12 months.

In the era of increasing survival of cancer patients, there are also changes in the presentation and outcomes of patients with pituitary metastasis.

Sleep duration at 3 years of age can predict changes over time in BMI percentile, suggesting that obesity risk may be lower in children with longer sleep duration.

In the COVID-19 pandemic, there are specific considerations that should be made for patients with diabetes, who are at greater risk for severe infection.

Applying functional data analysis to continuous glucose monitoring data can assist in identifying differences in maternal glucose control during pregnancy, which might go unnoticed using standard metrics.

Treatment with statins is not associated with increased risk for ICH in patients with a history of stroke, and may even decrease the risk for ICH in some of these patients.

Abnormally rapid corneal nerve fiber loss may indicate increased risk for the development and progression of diabetic distal symmetric polyneuropathy.

Thyroid cancer incidence is increasing, with data showing a consistent increase not only in the diagnosis of small papillary thyroid carcinoma but also larger and more aggressive tumors.

The most clinically appropriate mode of hydrocortisone administration during major stress in patients with adrenal insufficiency is continuous intravenous hydrocortisone.

High-intensity progressive resistance and impact training is a well-tolerated program that may improve bone mineral density and physical function in older men.

Increased blood glucose levels, even within the nondiabetic range, are associated with increased risk for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Patients with osteoarthritis and diabetes experience greater knee pain and worse physical and mental status compared with patients without diabetes.

Patients presenting with papillary thyroid microcarcinoma could harbor advanced pathological features that are not easily detectable and may have important prognostic value.

Dalcetrapib may have clinical utility in the prevention or delay of diabetes in patients with acute coronary syndrome.

Treatment with proton pump inhibitors is associated with increased risk for osteoporotic fracture compared with the use of histamine-2 receptor antagonists.

A major adverse effect of glucocorticoid treatment is significant bone loss, which is most pronounced in the first 3 to 6 months of use.

Although medication adherence to both angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and statins is initially high in adolescents with type 1 diabetes, it frequently deteriorates over time.

Short-acting preprandial exenatide as an add-on to insulin treatment in patients with type 1 diabetes had no clinically relevant effects on glycemic control or other glycemic measures.